Lineamientos del Colegio Colombiano de Terapia Ocupacional para la atención hospitalaria aguda y subaguda de pacientes con COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25214/25907816.951Palabras clave:
Terapia Ocupacional, cuidado intensivo, COVID-19, hospital, servicios de rehabilitaciónResumen
El amplio espectro clínico de la enfermedad COVID-19 tiene importantes implicaciones funcionales para el cuidado hospitalario agudo y subagudo en unidades de cuidado intensivo. Ante la emergencia sanitaria desencadenada por esta enfermedad, el Colegio Colombiano de Terapia Ocupacional convocó a un grupo de profesionales expertas en el área para proveer lineamientos para terapeutas ocupacionales que participan en la rehabilitación temprana de pacientes con COVID-19 en Colombia. Se realizó una revisión de literatura sobre la clasificación y las manifestaciones clínicas de la enfermedad, la efectividad de la rehabilitación temprana adulta, pediátrica y neonatal, y el rol y la experiencia de profesionales en Terapia Ocupacional en el uso de guías de salud existentes. Un consenso de expertas determinó la aplicabilidad de los lineamientos al contexto colombiano. Terapia Ocupacional, como parte del equipo de rehabilitación temprana, juega un papel fundamental en la restauración y el mantenimiento de la independencia funcional; la adaptación del ambiente y el acondicionamiento holístico gradual de las funciones respiratorias, cardiovasculares, sensoriomotoras y cognitivas durante las actividades básicas cotidianas, y la prevención del deterioro físico, mental, espiritual y social de la persona hospitalizada y su familia. Estos lineamientos constituyen un recurso técnico y educativo relevante para la Terapia Ocupacional hospitalaria.
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